Jaw Crusher Working Principle

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WHAT IS A JAW CRUSHER ?

Jaw crusher being one of the most used primary stage crusher types, has been improved during long years. Despite this fact, main design and parts of the crusher hasn’t changed much. Nowadays, jaw crusher is preferred in most aggregate quarries and stone crushing facilities. Most companies around the world has developed their own design changes of the crusher, but not changing the working principle of the jaw crusher at all.

As SER MADEN company, we manufacture primary and secondary stage jaw crushers of different models and sizes. Each of these models has its own jaw opening which results in different input sizes, output sizes and hourly production capacities.

WORKING PRINCIPLE OF THE JAW CRUSHER

Jaw crusher is mostly used for the primary stage crushing, where large stone pieces are loaded to the crusher to get medium size output product for the further crushing of the material. Efficiency of the usage of the jaw crusher is based on the ability of the product to get decreased in size by means of squeezing between fixed and movable jaws of the crusher. This crushing principle demands strong power of the crusher to squeeze any stone type to break it into pieces, taking into account that some stone types are merely close to the diamond in hardness level. On the other hand, this principle allows to do the crushing work with minimum wear rate of the crusher consumable parts.

JAW CRUSHER SPARE PARTS

Jaw crusher spare parts are those parts which are damaged or rubbed over the time of the usage and need to be changed after a specific period. During the crushing process, loaded stone into the crusher rubs the steel at the internal side of the crusher body, and this continuous process damages those consumable parts of the crusher.

In most cases, jaw crusher consists of following parts:

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1. Loading groove - the part of the crusher where product is loaded.

2. Fixed jaw holds fixed jaw liner of the crusher. Fixed jaw liner is one of the most consumed spare parts of the crusher.

3. Movable jaw (swing jaw) is the moving part of the jaw crusher, as it is hanging on the main shaft and fixed at a certain position by means of a lower toggle plate and hydraulic piston. Movable jaw holds movable jaw liners, which is also one of the most consumed spare parts of the jaw crusher.

4. Side liners are covered in the internal part of the jaw crusher where product flows between fixed and movable jaws. Side liners are also spare parts of the jaw crusher.

5. Main shaft is the driving part of the crusher, which rotates the movable jaw in an eccentric motion.

6. There is a flywheel at each end of the main shaft, which allows to keep the balance of the crusher during the work. At the same time, one of the flywheels is connected to the drive motor and runs the crusher by means of belt-pulley drive system.

7. Main body of the crusher keeps all other parts together and serves and the shell of the crusher. Main body of the crusher is durable and manufactured by welding. To prevent welding points from future breaking, main body of the crushing passes heat treatment process.

8. Hydraulic piston is used to stabilize and fix the position of the movable jaw after adjustment process of the gap between movable and fixed jaws.

9. "Spring and rod" is the part of the crusher which receives the motion impact of the movable jaw with minimum crash and gives it back with spring feedback. This system prevents from crash of the movable jaw to the main body during working of the crusher, converting the force of the heavy movable jaw into positive force to be used at the next round of the eccentric movement of the jaw.

10. Toggle plate also serves as protective part of the crusher. As application of the jaw crusher can vary depending on the hardness of the crushed material, in some cases the force of the crusher may not be enough to crush the product by squeezing, or at least at that particular moment. In this conditon, to prevent breakage of the liners of the fixed and movable jaws, toggle plate serves as a measurer of the hardness of the product. If the product is too hard to be crushed, toggle plates breakes into parts and allows moveback of the movable jaw to pass that particular piece of the material between jaws without crushing. This system allows to overcome the problem with less damage, or with the damage of only the toggle plate itself.